The expression of emotion is achieved through intricate combinations of verbal and nonverbal information produced from various sources of the body and the brain. Nonverbal information encompasses any message that is not expressed in words (DePaulo and Friedman 1998) including gestures, postures, and vocal tones. Though people often do not invest much thought to the nonverbal aspect of communication due to its automaticity, nonverbal cues are the primary vehicles for expressing emotions and managing emotional experiences (Burgoon and Hoobler 2002). Among the communicative channels that express emotions, the face is often considered to be the richest source of nonverbal information (e.g., Collier 1985 Ekman 2003).

ahn-hemm-facial-expression.pdf

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