Description: There is a well-known problem in learning process mutual exclusion: producer - consumer problem. This problem is a standard, a collection of famous simultaneity programming problem: a finite buffer and two types of thread, they are producers and consumers, producers put products into the buffer, instead is taken away from the buffer products consumers. The producer function is the producer function, and the produce_item(& item) means that the producer produces a product, but it does not operate on the buffer at this time. This statement seems to let a person very confusing, actually it means, if the last operation when the product is 0, the number of consumers has entered the sleep state, and now a producer and produce a product, the buffer is not null, then wake the consumers.
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